Im looking to use the Rest API but my limited research indicates that Javascript is required to do this. Is Javascript essential, can the API be used without it ? Apologies for the uninformed question.
Web scripts are based on the web oriented architecture the javascript file that one creates will act as the controller for a particular web script. If you don't have any logic in the controller then one might as well not have any controller logic then its fine to not have one javascript file.
Another option you can resort to for is java backed web scripts which could act as your controller.
FYI, If one has created a java backed file and javascript file then both act as controller components where java file(s) is executed first followed by the javascript