I think I've found the troublemaker.
I have a script which is executed when a new image is uploaded which contains:
<javascript>
var rend = renditionService.createRenditionDefinition("cm:thumbnail", "imageRenderingEngine");
rend.parameters["resizeToThumbnail"] = true;
rend.parameters["xsize"] = 200;
rend.parameters["ysize"] = 200;
rend.parameters["maintainAspectRatio"] = true;
rend.execute(document);
</javascript>
This seem to kill the server, although it's running fine on my windows hosted alfresco.
Is there something wrong with my script?