I doubt that there is anything quick and easy possible.
Where is the mapping from URL to Alfresco path maintained, and by whom? You also need to understand that the URL is not a unique key, since it can be expressed as both a fully qualified path, a partially qualified path, or a relative path. Anything less than a fully qualified has to be translated relative to the URL for the document whose links you are clicking.
All of that being said, the web content management portion of Alfresco has addressed some of this issue by allowing pages in a web developer's sandbox to be used instead of those pages addressed in the links. You might do some research there.
