I used the Community installer for 4.2.e on my Macbook Pro with OSX Mavericks and Alfresco would not start. Reviewing the log file there was a stack trace indicating:
nodename nor servname provided, or not known"
I found the following forum post indicating a solution to the issue:
The workaround is to add the name of the machine to your `/etc/hosts` file…
127.0.0.1 MacBook
This worked for me although when I ran 'hostname' the hostname was more fully qualified than this example and the fully qualified name was necessary to get this working.
Posting, just in case it helps someone else resolve this issue in the future.